Integrated Core Drilling Rig
The CR600I is a fully hydraulic integrated crawler core drilling rig designed for medium-to-deep surface core drilling operations. The equipment integrates the power system, hydraulic system, power head, mast and feed mechanism, chuck, wireline winch, mud circulation system and crawler travel mechanism on the same platform, reducing the workload of on-site assembly and repeated connections of split equipment. It is more suitable for exploration projects in mining areas, mountains, hills, forest roads and locations requiring frequent relocation.
This model is positioned around a reference drilling depth of 600 m for N size, while also accommodating different coring requirements of 800 m for B size and 300 m for H size. The drilling angle supports 45°-90°, allowing both vertical and inclined holes. It is suitable for surface exploration, resource evaluation, orebody boundary verification and deep extension drilling of gold, copper, lithium, iron, lead-zinc, nickel and other metallic and non-metallic minerals.
CR stands for core drilling rig, 600 stands for the reference drilling depth of 600 m for N size, and I stands for integrated structure. Compared with portable or large split-type core drilling rigs, the CR600I emphasizes complete machine integration, crawler mobility and rapid on-site deployment; compared with larger-depth integrated machines, the 600-meter class is more suitable for medium-depth, multi-hole, continuous surface exploration projects in terms of transportation, construction organization and equipment investment.
According to typical working condition reference values in the data, the drilling capacity of the CR600I is 800 m for B size, 600 m for N size and 300 m for H size. Different sizes correspond to different drill rods and coring systems. The actual achievable drilling depth is not a fixed value and is also affected by factors such as drilling angle, rock integrity, drill rod weight, downhole tools, mud performance, borehole wall stability and operating methods.
The CR600I supports drilling within the range of 45°-90°. Vertical or inclined holes can be selected according to orebody attitude, structural direction and exploration line layout. For inclined orebodies, vein-type orebodies, fault structures, alteration zones and concealed orebodies, reasonable selection of hole inclination angle can improve the probability of penetrating the target and avoid the drilling direction being too parallel to the orebody strike, which would reduce the effective mineralized length.
The power head adopts a combination of direct drive/gear transmission, with a maximum torque of 960 N·m and a maximum speed of 1150 rpm. Gear conversion is direct drive/1:2.4, and hydraulic side shift is supported. The higher speed is suitable for diamond core drilling. By reasonably matching the drill bit, speed, feed force and mud parameters, both drilling efficiency and core quality can be considered. After the power head side shift, more convenient working space is provided for drill rod assembly and disassembly, collar operations, coring tool handling and maintenance.
The mast adopts a folding structure, with a feed stroke of 1.9 m, and can handle 1.5 m drill rods. The feed speed supports fast and slow adjustment, with a feed force of 42 kN and a pull-up force of 130 kN. The folding mast helps reduce the transport height and relocation difficulty. While ensuring drilling stability, it is suitable for continuous construction of medium-depth surface coring projects.
The wireline winch system uses 6 mm steel wire rope, with a rope capacity of 800 m, a lifting force of 11 kN and a lifting speed of 98 m/min. Wireline coring can recover the inner tube and core without frequently lifting the entire drill string, thereby reducing auxiliary time. It is especially suitable for continuous coring operations in medium-to-deep holes. For 600 m class N size boreholes, reasonable winch speed and rope capacity help improve single-shift operation efficiency.
The chuck has a through-hole diameter of 127 mm and can adapt to common drill rod systems such as NQ, HQ, PQ, NTW and HTW. The clamping method adopts hydraulic clamping combined with a wedge-type self-weight anti-slip structure, providing stable clamping during drill rod connection, disassembly, adding rods, removing rods and collar operations, helping reduce the risk of accidental drill rod sliding and misoperation.
The main pump reference flow is 220 L/min, and the main pump pressure is 20 MPa; the auxiliary pump reference flow is 60 L/min, and the auxiliary pump pressure is 17 MPa. The cooling method is air cooling. The high-flow hydraulic system provides power for the power head, feed, mast, travel and auxiliary mechanisms. The equipment is also equipped with high-pressure filtration to reduce wear on hydraulic pumps, control valves and actuators caused by contaminants in the hydraulic oil.
The mud system reference flow is 100 L/min, pressure is 7 MPa, speed is 360 rpm, and power is 14 kW. Mud circulation plays roles in core drilling such as cooling the drill bit, carrying rock cuttings, stabilizing the borehole wall, lubricating drilling tools and improving the downhole environment. After entering fractured zones, strongly weathered layers, fissure zones or loss zones, mud viscosity, flow rate and wall protection measures should be adjusted in a timely manner according to return slurry conditions.
The power system adopts a 4BTA3.9 type 3.9 L four-cylinder turbocharged direct injection diesel engine, with a rated power of 97 kW, a rated speed of 2200 rpm, water cooling and a 24 V electrical system. This power configuration can meet the needs of coordinated operation of the power head, hydraulic system, crawler travel and mud system, and is suitable for continuous field construction and medium-to-deep hole coring operations under complex working conditions.
The crawler chassis has the characteristics of strong stability, large traction force, good off-road capability and stronger adaptability to soft ground. It is suitable for exploration scenarios such as mining area access roads, mountains, hills, gravel roads, muddy ground and locations requiring frequent hole relocation. The integrated structure reduces lifting and repeated connection work of split equipment, and is especially suitable for continuous construction of multiple boreholes within one mining area.
The complete machine can be equipped with wireless remote control to achieve human-machine separation for some actions within a certain distance. Equipment movement, posture adjustment and some auxiliary actions can be completed by remote control, reducing the time personnel spend near moving parts such as tracks, mast and power head. Wireless remote control cannot replace on-site safety management. Warning boundaries should still be set, command should be unified, and operation should be carried out only after confirming that no one is around the equipment.
The CR600I is suitable for gold reconnaissance, detailed investigation, infill drilling and verification of quartz veins, alteration zones and concealed orebodies. Through continuous cores, the thickness of mineralized zones, fracture development, alteration characteristics, contact relationships with surrounding rock and deep extension can be observed, providing basic data for sampling and assay, grade analysis and 3D geological modeling.
In copper, lead-zinc, nickel and polymetallic projects, the CR600I can be used for orebody boundary control, structural verification, deep extension judgment and resource upgrade. Continuous cores can relatively completely preserve lithological contacts, mineralization structures and alteration information, facilitating geological personnel in layering, logging and sampling.
For lithium, pegmatite and other rare metal exploration projects, continuous cores can be obtained through a combination of vertical and inclined holes to determine pegmatite body thickness, attitude, extension direction, mineral assemblage and grade changes. For mountainous pegmatite mining areas with large topographic relief, the integrated crawler structure facilitates relocation between multiple platforms.
The CR600I can also be used for geological investigation and resource verification of metallic and non-metallic minerals such as iron ore, graphite, phosphate rock and limestone. For projects requiring continuous stratigraphic data, observation of horizon changes and assessment of rock mass structure, core drilling can provide more complete geological information than drilling methods that only obtain cuttings.
In addition to mineral exploration, this model is also suitable for regional geological surveys, stratigraphic verification, structural research, supplementary engineering geological drilling, peripheral prospecting of mining areas and deep extension verification of known orebodies. Through geological logging of cores, RQD statistics, structural plane observation and laboratory testing, data support can be provided for resource evaluation and engineering decisions.
The integrated crawler structure is suitable for construction in mountains, hills, forest roads and remote mining areas. Before construction, key assessments should be made of transport road width, slope, curve radius, bridge and culvert load-bearing capacity, platform size, ground bearing capacity and drainage conditions. For slope operations, the platform should first be leveled and reliable support should be set up. Equipment stability cannot be maintained solely by the friction between tracks and the ground.
In hard and intact rock formations such as granite, basalt and quartzite, appropriate diamond drill bits, matrix hardness, rotation speed, feed force and mud parameters should be selected according to rock abrasiveness and integrity. Excessive feed force will increase drill bit wear and hole deviation risk, while too low feed force may reduce drilling efficiency. Therefore, dynamic adjustment should be made in combination with bit pressure, pump pressure and rock cuttings return conditions.
When entering fault fracture zones, strongly fractured zones or formations with poor core integrity, feed speed and rotation speed should be appropriately reduced, single coring length should be shortened, and mud wall protection should be strengthened. When necessary, casing, lost circulation materials or other borehole wall stabilization measures can be used to reduce hole collapse, sticking, loss and core loss.
Surface soil, sand and gravel layers, clay layers and strongly weathered rock usually have poor borehole wall stability. Priority should be given to wall protection and casing in the collar section. After entering stable bedrock, gradually adjust to normal coring parameters according to rock hardness and integrity. The quality of overburden treatment directly affects the verticality and borehole wall stability of subsequent deep hole drilling.
When encountering fissure water, strong aquifers or loss zones, timely observations should be made of changes in return slurry volume, pump pressure, downhole liquid level and mud consumption. Slight loss can be improved by adjusting mud properties, while severe loss may require lost circulation treatment, casing or staged treatment. Continuous strong drilling without treatment can easily cause insufficient hole bottom cleaning, sticking or abnormal drilling tool wear.
The core of core drilling is not only to drill deep, but also to ensure core quality. During construction, appropriate drill bits, inner tubes and coring tools should be selected according to formation conditions, and the length of each run should be reasonably controlled. After the core is discharged from the tube, it should be placed, numbered, photographed and recorded in depth order in a timely manner to avoid sample mixing, sequence errors or sample contamination.
Actual efficiency depends on the matching of drill bit and rock formation, bit pressure, rotation speed, mud displacement, hole bottom cleaning, drill rod connection efficiency and operator experience. Equipment parameters are only basic conditions and cannot alone represent on-site productivity. For continuous construction projects, drill bit spare parts, consumable reserves, mud materials and daily maintenance plans also directly affect monthly effective footage.
When selecting drilling tools, first confirm the target depth, B/N/H size, drilling angle, main lithology, overburden thickness and expected fracture zone positions, then determine the drill rods, drill bits, reamers, core barrels, casing and mud plan. If the project has special conditions such as high altitude, extreme cold, high temperature, long-distance transportation or long-term remote construction, the engine, cooling, hydraulic oil, fuel and spare parts configuration should also be confirmed in advance.
| Drilling Capacity | |
|---|---|
| B size reference drilling depth | 800 m |
| N size reference drilling depth | 600 m |
| H size reference drilling depth | 300 m |
| Drilling angle | 45°-90° |
| Drill rod length handled | 1.5 m |
| Power Head | |
| Transmission mode | Direct drive / gear transmission |
| Maximum torque | 960 N·m |
| Maximum speed | 1150 rpm |
| Gear conversion | Direct drive / 1:2.4 |
| Movement mode | Hydraulic side shift |
| Mast and Feed System | |
| Feed stroke | 1.9 m |
| Feed speed | Fast + slow adjustable |
| Mast installation mode | Folding type |
| Feed force | 42 kN |
| Pull-up force | 130 kN |
| Wireline Winch System | |
| Steel wire rope diameter | 6 mm |
| Rope capacity | 800 m |
| Lifting force | 11 kN |
| Lifting speed | 98 m/min |
| Chuck | |
| Through-hole diameter | 127 mm |
| Applicable drill rods | NQ, HQ, PQ, NTW, HTW |
| Clamping method | Hydraulic clamping + wedge-type self-weight anti-slip |
| Hydraulic System | |
| Main pump reference flow | 220 L/min |
| Main pump pressure | 20 MPa |
| Auxiliary pump reference flow | 60 L/min |
| Auxiliary pump pressure | 17 MPa |
| Cooling method | Air cooling |
| Mud System | |
| Flow | 100 L/min |
| Pressure | 7 MPa |
| Speed | 360 rpm |
| Power | 14 kW |
| Power System | |
| Engine model | 4BTA3.9 |
| Engine displacement | 3.9 L |
| Engine power | 97 kW |
| Engine speed | 2200 rpm |
| Engine type | Four-cylinder turbocharged direct injection diesel engine |
| Cooling method | Water cooling |
| Electrical system | 24 V |
The drilling depth is a reference value under typical working conditions and should not be understood as being achievable under all formations, all angles and all drilling tool configurations. Before project implementation, the final construction plan should be confirmed according to target depth, core size, borehole inclination, formation integrity, downhole tool weight and mud circulation conditions.
Before the equipment enters mountains, slopes, forest areas or soft sites, the transport route and platform bearing capacity should be checked. During mast raising, inclined hole drilling and large pull-up actions, the equipment should be leveled and the outriggers should be reliably supported, avoiding forced operation in areas with ground subsidence or insufficient slope stability.
The hydraulic system should keep oil clean, and filters, hydraulic oil, hoses, joints, oil temperature and heat dissipation should be checked regularly. If slow action, abnormal pressure, excessively high oil temperature or abnormal noise occurs, stop the machine for troubleshooting first to avoid continuous operation with faults.
The mud system should adjust flow and performance in a timely manner according to the formation. Insufficient hole bottom cleaning will increase drill bit wear, core blockage and sticking risk; mud that is too thick or displacement that is too large may also increase downhole resistance, so dynamic adjustment should be made in combination with pump pressure and return slurry conditions.
The wireline coring winch, chuck and drill rod connections are high-frequency working parts. Steel wire rope wear, clamping status, fastener tightness and anti-slip mechanisms should be checked by shift. If broken wire rope strands, insufficient clamping force or hydraulic leakage occur, they should be handled immediately.
Wireless remote control is only used to improve operating convenience and reduce the time personnel spend close to moving parts of the equipment. It cannot replace on-site supervision. Before remote control operation, confirm personnel, obstacles and drill rod status around the equipment, and maintain unified command.
Due to differences in actual geological conditions, downhole tools, drilling angles and operating methods, the final drilling efficiency, drilling depth and core recovery effect should be based on on-site working conditions.
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